Malaria

While malaria was virtually eliminated from the 'First' and 'Second' Worlds over 50 years ago by widespread use of DDT, in the Third World it is remained, and has been experiencing a surge in recent years because of drug-resistant strains of the disease. In parts of Zambia, for instance, at any one moment more than 1/3 of all children under 5-years old are sick with the disease, which means a severe fever, brain swelling, convulsions, and often death for the victim.
Of the half-a-billion people each year who become infected with the disease, over a million die.
( cdcfoundation.org/bednets )